Prep oven and pan: Preheat the oven to 350°F with the rack in the center. Prepare a 9 x 13 pan with cooking spray.
Mix dry ingredients: In a large mixing bowl, combine the flour, sugar, baking powder, baking soda, and salt. Stir until well combined.
Add wet ingredients: Add the vegetable oil, eggs, increased vanilla, sour cream, and sourdough starter. Stir to form a thick batter. Pour in the cup of boiling water and stir well until a smooth batter forms.
Add boiling water. Pour in the cup of boiling water and stir well until a smooth batter forms.
Bake. Pour into the prepared baking pan and bake for 35-45 minutes, until a toothpick inserted into the center comes out clean, or with only a few crumbs.
Cool. Cover cake with a clean tea towel and allow it to cool directly in the pan. Cool completely before frosting.
Frost. To make the vanilla frosting, combine the melted butter and vanilla extract in a large mixing bowl. Add the powdered sugar and milk, alternating with each other, and beat with an electric mixer until a smooth frosting forms. Frost the cake and serve directly out of the pan.
Serve. Frost the cake and serve directly out of the pan.